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Jews (Hebrew: y@hv'diym ISO 259-3 Yehudim, Israeli pronunciation [jehu'dim]) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and a nation originating from the Israelites, or Hebrews, of the Ancient Near East. Jewish ethnicity, nationhood, and religion are strongly interrelated, as Judaism is the traditional faith of the Jewish people, while its observance varies from strict observance to complete nonobservance.

The English word "Jew" continues Middle English Gyw, Iewe. These terms derive from Old French giu, earlier juieu, which through elision had dropped the letter "d" from the Medieval Latin Iudaeus, which, like the New Testament Greek term Ioudaios, meant both "Jew" and "Judean" / "of Judea". The Greek term was a loan from Aramaic Y'hudai, corresponding to Hebrew y@hv'diy Yehudi, originally the term for a member of the tribe of Judah or the people of the kingdom of Judah. According to the Hebrew Bible, the name of both the tribe and kingdom derive from Judah, the fourth son of Jacob. Genesis 29:35 and 49:8 connect the name "Judah" with the verb yada, meaning "praise", but scholars generally agree that the name of both the patriarch and the kingdom instead have a geographic origin--possibly referring to the gorges and ravines of the region.  The Hebrew word for "Jew" is y@hv'diy Yehudi, with the plural y@hv'diym Yehudim. Endonyms in other Jewish languages include the Ladino g'vdyv Djudio (plural g'vdyvs, Djudios) and the Yiddish yyid Yid (plural yyidn Yidn).  The etymological equivalent is in use in other languages, e.g., yahuwdiyW yahudi (sg.), al-yahud (pl.), in Arabic, "Jude" in German, "judeu" in Portuguese, "juif" in French, "jode" in Danish and Norwegian, "judio" in Spanish, "jood" in Dutch, "zyd" in Polish etc., but derivations of the word "Hebrew" are also in use to describe a Jew, e.g., in Italian (Ebreo), in Persian ("Ebri/Ebrani" (Persian: `bry/`brny)) and Russian (Evrei, Yevrey). The German word "Jude" is pronounced ['ju:d@], the corresponding adjective "judisch" ['jy:dIS] (Jewish) is the origin of the word "Yiddish".  According to The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, fourth edition (2000),  It is widely recognized that the attributive use of the noun Jew, in phrases such as Jew lawyer or Jew ethics, is both vulgar and highly offensive. In such contexts Jewish is the only acceptable possibility. Some people, however, have become so wary of this construction that they have extended the stigma to any use of Jew as a noun, a practice that carries risks of its own. In a sentence such as There are now several Jews on the council, which is unobjectionable, the substitution of a circumlocution like Jewish people or persons of Jewish background may in itself cause offense for seeming to imply that Jew has a negative connotation when used as a noun.

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